Other
localities - Latin America
This
is a comprehensive list of alkaline localities in America except
Canada, USA, and Brazil, mostly (but not only, don´t
underestimate me) taken from the Woolley book (see below), generously
given to me for 3 months by Peter G.Seroka - many thanks ! The
mineral lists are certainly incomplete, I had to leave out things
like „opaques“, and there is some confusion about the
feldspar group minerals, which are not always named exactly
(“antiperthite“).
N
to S:
- MEXICO:
- Coahuila:
- La Cueva: Quartz
monzonite, syenites, nepheline syenite. Aegirine, aegirine-augite,
amphibole grp., analcime, augite, biotite, calcite, feldspar grp.,
hornblende, nepheline, olivine, perthite, quartz, riebeckite.
- Cerro Aguachile, Cerro
Colorado, Cerro Nevado, Picacho: 4 sodic intrusive complexes,
syenites. Aegirine, analcime, fluorite, nepheline, quartz,
riebeckite.
- Chihuahua:
- La Perla: Calc-alkaline
volcanic rocks, rhyolite. Aegirine, amphibole grp..
- Nuevo Leon:
- Sombreretillo: 2
intrusions, 4x3 and 6x4km. Syenites, labradorite. Aegirine,
aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., analcime, augite, biotite,
eudialyte, nepheline, perthite, riebeckite.
- Tamaulipas:
- Sierra de San Carlos:
130km,2 of laccoliths, plugs and sills of alkaline rocks, e.g.
nepheline syenite, pulaskite, pyroxenites. Analcime, amphibole grp.,
analcime, nepheline, pyroxene grp.
- Sierra de Tamaulipas:
50x70km, intrusions of alkaline igneous rocks in carboante
sediments. Trahytes, phonolites, nepheline syenites a.o..Aegirine,
aenigmatite, amphibole grp., biotite, eudialyte, fayalite,
hedenbergite, lavenite, quartz.
- Cerro Nopal, Cerro
Murcielago: Phonolites. Aegirine, amphibole grp., analcime,
biotite, feldspar grp.
- Bernal de Horcasitas:
Apatite grp., biotite, clinopyroxene, feldspar grp., nepheline,
plagioclase.
- Nayarit:
- Las Navajas: Volcano with
alkaline rocks.
- Jalisco:
- La Primavera: Volcano,
rhyolites, peralkaline lavas. Apatite grp., fayalite,
ferrohedenbergite, ilmenite, magnetite, quartz, sanidine, zircon.
- Colima: Volcano,
basanites. Analcime, andesine, anorthoclase, apatite grp., augite,
chromite, kalsilite, diopside, labradorite, leucite, magnetite,
olivine, phlogopite, sanidine, zeolite grp.
- Vera Cruz:
- Chicontepec Area:
Basanite. Aegirine, analcime, anorthite, augite, bytownite,
magnetite, nepheline, olivine.
- Palma Sola: Andesites,
alkaline olivine basalts. Analcime, andesine, nepheline, olivine,
plagioclase.
- San Andres-Tuxtla: 50km
in diameter, alkali basalts. Nepheline.
- DOMINICAN REPUBLIC:
- San Juan de la Maguana and
Cerro Los Frailes: 85km². Alkali olivine basalts,
limburgite. Magnetite, nepheline, olivine, plagioclase, salite.
- HAITI:
- Saut d´Eau and
Thomazéau: Alkaline lavas, nepheline basalts. Analcime,
apatite grp., augite, hauyne, ilmenite, magnetite, melilite,
nepheline, zeolite grp..
- HONDURAS:
- Lago Yojoja: Olivine
basalts, trachytes. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, ndesine,
anorthoclase, magnetite, sanidine, zeolite grp.
- COSTA RICA:
- Alajuela:
- La Garita: Basanite,
andesite, ignimbrite. Analcime, augite, biotite, bytownite,
labradorite, olivine, plagioclase.
- Limon y Cartago:
- Rio Reventazon:
teschenite sills, alkali basalts, basanites. Aegirine,
aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., analcime, andesine, apatite grp.,
biotite, clinopyroxene, hauyne, nepheline, olivine, plagioclase,
salite, zeolite grp.
- Rio Chirripo and Fila de
Matama: Alkali basalt, basanite, nephelinite.
- COLOMBIA:
- Vaupes:
- San José del Guaviare:
3 nepheline syenite bodies, 200km². Albite, biotite,
cancrinite, monazite, nepheline, siderite, titanite, zircon.
- Circular Structure: By
aerial photography. Possible a carbonatite.
- Caqueta:
- Cerro Cumare: Nepheline
syenite.
- VENEZUELA:
- Bolivar:
- Cerro Impacto: Oval ring,
10km in diameter. Granodiorite, granites, fenites, laterites.
Barite, quartz..
- Amazonas:
- Churuata: 2.5km in
diameter. Riebeckite granite, quartz syenite, nepheline syenite.
Aegirine, arfvedsonite, bastnaesite, biotite, feldspar
grp.,monazite, pyrochlore, riebeckite, sodalite.
- ECUADOR:
- Sumaco: Olivine basalts.
Aegirine-augite, apatite grp., hauyne, hornblende, magnetite,
nepheline, olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene grp.
- GUYANA:
- Kaituma: 70km².
Peralklalne quartz syenite, pegmatites. Aegirine, albite,
arfvedsonite, betafite, biotite, euxenite, magnetite, microcline,
oligoclase, orthite, quartz, samarskite, titanite, uranothorite.
- Makarapan: Riebeckite
granite. Aegirine, apatite grp., biotite, fluorite, microcline,
quartz, riebeckite, titanite, zircon.
- Muri Complex and Twareitau:
40km². Nepheline syenites, ijolite, urtite, phonolite.
Aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., biotite, cancrinite, microcline,
nepheline, sodalite, zircon.
- PERU:
- Loreto:
- Pucallpa: 3 plugs of
phonolite, alkali trachyte. Aegirine-augite, albite, amphibole grp.,
apatite grp., biotite, feldspar grp., melanite, nepheline, sodalite,
titanite, zeolite grp., zircon.
- Pasco:
- Gorgor: Breccia with
carbonate rocks, possibly carbonatite.
- Junin:
- Mitu Group: Alkaline
volcanic rocks. Teschenite, basanite.
- Puno:
- Macusani: Nepheline
syenite. Aegirine-augite, analcime, barkevikite, biotite, fedlspar
grp., nepheline, sodalite.
- BOLIVIA:
- Cochabamba:
- Cerro San Cristobal:
1.2x0.4km. Albite, amphibole grp., apatite grp., biotite, calcite,
cancrinite, orthoclase, sodalite.
- Cerro Sapo: Sodalite
mining in pre-colonial times ! Carbonatite a.o.. Aegirine, albite,
amesite-2H (very beautiful sector-twinned
- six-pointed stars, crystals look
like green "Star-of-David"), amphibole grp., analcime,
ankerite, apatite grp., barite, biotite, cancrinite, chalcopyrite,
dawsonite (well-terminated, pale-pink crystals),diopside, galena,
hisingerite, nepheline, nordstrandite (pale pinkish crystals),
oligoclase, olivine, orthoclase, pyrite, siderite, sodalite,
sphalerite.
- Quenamari: Foyaite,
nepheline syenite. Albite, amphibole grp., analcime, arfvedsonite,
biotite, cancrinite, diopside, ferrohornblende, magnetite,
molybdenite, nepheline, oligoclase, olivine, orthoclase, riebeckite,
sodalite.
- Carpacayma: Phonolite.
Aegirine, aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., analcime, nepheline,
pyroxene grp., sanidine, sodalite.
- Tarija:
- Rejara: Alkali granite.
Riebeckite.
- Santa Cruz:
- Cerro Manomo: Mesa of
4x6km. Carbonatites, silicified, nepheline syenite. Ankerite,
barite, bastnaesite, cerianite, collophane, dahllite, dolomite,
franconite, goethite, meta-autunite, monazite, quartz, riebeckite.
La-Nd-phosphates and–silicates, REE, Mn, Nb-minerals.
- Velasco Alkaline Province:
440km². 14 overlapping rings and elliptical plutons.
Carbonatite, granites, syenites, nordmarkite, pulaskite, foyaite.
Aegirine, aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., analcime, biotite,
eudialyte, hornblende, melanite, monazite, nepheline, perthite,
pyrochlore, riebeckite, sodalite.
- PARAGUAY:
Alto
Paraguay:
- Puerto Guarani: Nepheline
syenite.
- Cerro Boggiani: Nepheline
syenite.
- Maria Auxiliadora:
Nepheline syenite.
- Concepcion:
- Centurion: Phonolite.
Aegirine-augite, andesine, apatite grp., bioite, feldspar grp.,
magnetite, nosean, olivine, orthoclase, serpentine grp..
- Cerro Buenavista:
Phonolite.
- Chiriguelo: 6km in
diameter. Sovite, rodbergite, carbonatite, syenite. Biotite,
thorite.
- Cerro Sarambi: 5km in
diameter, pyroxenite, syenite, phonolite, trachyte, sovite, fenite.
Aegirine-augite, apatite grp., lamprophyllite, magnetite, nepheline,
strontiochevkinite,
tausonite.
- Amambay:
- Cerro Guazu: Essexite,
syenite. Biotite.
- Central:
- Asuncion Area: 8 plugs of
nephelinite. Magnetite, nepheline, olivine, pyroxene grp. Zeolite
grp..
- Arrua-I: 1.2x1km.
Shonkinite, phonolite. Analcime.
- Paraguari:
- Cerro Vera: Essexitgfe.
Analcime, apatite grp., biotite, diopside, feldspar grp., magnetite,
nepheline.
- Soto-Rugua: Essexite,
syenite.
- Yarigua-A: Phonolite.
- Ybypyte: „Alkaline“
hill.
- Canete-Cue: „Alkaline“
hill.
- Acahay: Gabbros,
syenites, diorites, phonolite. Apatite grp., biotite, nepheline,
olivine, orthoclase, plagioclase, pyroxene grp., zircon.
- Sapukai: Essexite,
phonolite, alkaline lavas, basanitres. Apatite grp.,
biotite,clinopyroxene, leucite, nepheline, olivine.
- Cerro Medina: Phonolite.
- San José:
„Alkaline“ hill.
- Apiragua: Essexite.
- Ybytymi: Essexite.
- Caaguazu:
- Aguapety: Shonkinite.
Augite, feldspar grp., nepheline, olivine.
- Guaira:
- Yataity: Essexite,
shonkinite.
- Mbocayaty: Plugs of
essexite, shonkinite, nepheline syenite. Aegirine-augite, amphibole
grp., analcime, augite, biotite, feldspar grp., nepheline.
- Caapiitindy: Essexite,
shonkinite, syenite.
- East of Villarica: 4m
thick biotite porphyry dyke. Biotite, feldspar grp., nepheline.
- Parana:
- Sarambo: Carbonatite.
Lamprophyllite, loparite-(Ce), strontiochevkinite, tausonite.
URUGUAY:
- Lavalleja:
- Cerro Vicheo: Syenite
plug.
- Maldonado:
- Sierra de Animas:
Syenites, trachytes.
- Pan de Azucar:
Nordmarkite, syenite. Albite, arfvedsonite, orthoclase, quartz.
- CHILE:
- Magellanes:
- Cerro Cagual: Essexites,
syenitesx. Aegirine-augite, orthoclase.
- Cerro Balmaceda:
Syenites. Aegirine-augite, albite, arfvedsonite, fayalite, quartz.
- Seno Skyring:
Labradorite. Albite, magnetite, nepheline, pyroxene grp.,
serpentine.
- Lago Sarmiento:
Camptonites.
- Alto del Carmen and El
Transito Mountain Range: Lamprophyres.
- Cartagena Area:
Lamporphyres.
- Del Salto Pluton, Patagonian
Andes, Aisen: syenogranite, alkali feldspat granite. Aegirine,
arfvedsontie, augite, astrophyllite, ferrorichterite, pyrochlroe,
zektzerite.
- ARGENTINA:
- Jujuy:
- Jujuy: Alkaline dykes.
Trachytes, foyaites, syenites. Analcime.
- Salta:
- Iruya: Tinguaite dyke.
Aegirine, amphibole grp., analcime, augite, calcigte, feldspar grp.,
magnetite, nepheline, riebeckite, sanidine, titanite, zeolite grp.
- Los Alisos: Vertical
sheet-like intrusion. Alnoite. Aegirine, andradite, apatite grp.,
calcite, diopside, katophorite, magnetite, olivine, perovskite,
phlogopite, serpentine grp..
- Los Cobres: 7x3km.
Peralkaline granite. Aegirine, albite, amphibole grp., augite,
biotite, ferrohastingsite, microcline, pyrochlore, riebeckite.
- San Miguel de Tucuman Area:
Alkali olivine basalts, monchiquites, essexites. Analcime, biotite,
leucite, nepheline, zeolite grp..
- Catamarco:
- Cerro Aspero: Dyle in
granodiorite. Amphibole grp., analcime, magnetite, nepheline,
pyroxene grp.
- Mendoza:
- Paramillo de Uspallata:
Phonolite, pegmatitic syenite, nordmarkite. Aegirine,
aegirine-augite, nepheline.
- Sierra Pintada: Gabbro.
Nepheline.
- Cordillera Principal:
Tephrites, basanites, essexites, bostonites. Analcime, biotite,
nepheline, sodalite.
- San Luis:
- Las Chacras: Alkali
basalts (?). Analcime, biotite, magnetite, melilite, natrolite,
nepheline, olivine, serpentine grp..
- Chajan: Nepheline
basalts. Aegirine-augite, analcime, biotite, magnetite, nepheline,
olivine, perovskite, pyroxene grp..
- Rio Negro:
- Sierra de Queupuniyeu:
Volcanic province 70x20km. Basanite, olivine basalts, nephelinite,
tephrite, phonolite. Aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., analcime,
augite, biotite, hornblende, magnetite, nepheline, olivine,
perovskite, plagioclase, pyroxene grp..
- Chubut:
- Rio Chubut Medio:
Pantellerites.
- Sarmiento: Sill and
dykes, teschenites, different syenites. Aegirine, aegirine-augite,
analcime, apatite grp., arfvedsonite, augite, biotite, feldspar
grp., magnetite, nepheline, olivine, plagioclase, zeolite grp..
- Comodore Rivadavia:
- Plateau Basalts of 45-47
degr. S: Tholeiites, sanaties, alkali basalts. Leucite,
nepheline, sanidine.
- Santa Cruz:
- Los Antiguos: Teschenite
with syenitic differentiation. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, albite,
analcime, arfvedsonite, augite, biotite, nepheline, oligoclase,
olivine, zeolite grp..
- Rio Carbon: Essexites.
Analcime, orthoclase.
- Patagonia:
- Estancia Lote 17. Peridotite,
carbonatite, lherzolite, wehrlite. Spinel.
- &Suggested
reading:
- Woolley, A.R.: Alkaline Rocks
and Carbonatites of the World. Part 1: North and South America.
British Museum (Natural History), London, 1987
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