Kola and Karelia

Hey, you didn´t really think I would try to put all of Kola with all the different localities on one page, did you ? As you see there are links below guiding you to the different intrusions.

Let me give my thanks to Maurice de Graaf and László Horváth for their incredible lists on Kola localities and minerals. Maurice is even preparing a publication with a list of Kola-minerals describing their habits, their paragenesis and their different occurrences on Kola. In the end he will have a fantastic book, which will help to identify specimens. Unfortunately he doesn´t have a homepage (though his work would be more than worth it), but you can reach him by eMail:

Actually, Kola is „big business“ for collecting trips, and therefore it´s easy to find publications on Khibiny, Lovozero, and Kovdor, which are relatively easily accessible. For other localities there is hardly any information at all to be found.

Furtherore, there is still a lot of work done in mineralogical research even today, though mining is declining. „Lots“ of new minerals are being described each year, currently probably even outnumbering Mt.St.Hilaire.

To access the famous localities:

Khibiny (Khibina, Chibiny)

Kola:
Chagvedaiv: Syenites, nordmarkite, pegmatites. Aegirine, riebeckite.
Elovaya (Elovyi Island): Breccia pipe with intersecting monchiquite dyke, carbonatite.
Gremyakha-Vyrmes: 100km². Pyroxenite, gabbro, pulaskite, ijolite, urtite, nepheline syenite a.o.. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, aenigmatite, albite, allanite, apatite grp., arfvedsonite, astrophyllite, biotite, calcite, chevkinite, feldspar grp., fergusonite, magnetite, microcline, nepheline,prehnite, pyrochlore, titanite, zircon.
Ivanovskii: Lamprophyres, trachyte, pyroxenite, melteigite a.o.
Kandaguba: 3.6km². Ijolite, malignites, carbonatite, alkali syenite. Amphibole grp., ankerite, apatite grp., barite, biotite, galena, gorceixite, goyazite, hessite, ilmenorutile, magnetite, monazite-(Ce), pyrite, quartz, sphalerite, strontianite.
Kandalakshskii: Lamprophyric dykes. Carbonatites, melilitites, monchiquites, picrites, nephelinites, alkali syenites. Augite, almandine, amphibole grp., biotite, chromite, diopside, olivine, perovskite, pyrope, pyroxene grp.
Kanozerskii: Peralkaline granites. Aegirine-augite, allanite, albite, apatite grp., ferrohastingsite, fluorite, lepidomelane, magnetite, microcline, oligoclase, plagioclase, pyrite, titanite, zircon.
Kontozero: Caldera, 55km². Alnoite, nephelinite, limburgite, carbonatite a.o.. Aegirine, aegirine--augite, albite, amphibole grp., analcime, apatite grp., augite, biotite, calcite, chlorite grp., diopside, dolomite, feldspar grp., ilmenite, magnetite, melanite, melilite, nepheline, olivine, perovskite, plagioclase, pyroxene grp., pyrrhotite, serpentine grp., sodalite, titanite, zeolite grp., zircon.
Kurginskii: 30km², mostly under water of Lovozero Lake.Ultramafic rocks, cut by alkaline and nepheline syenite.
Lavrent´evskii: 40km². Alkaline granites. Aegirine, arfvedsonite, lepidomelane.
Lesnaya Varaka: 9km². Olivinites, pyroxenites, tinguaite, syenites, ijolite, pegmatites, carbonatite. Apatite grp., biotite, brabantite, calcite, cancrinite, clinohumite, dolomite, dysanalyte, goethite, hornblende, lueshite, magnetite, natroniobite, olivine, orthoclase, phlogopite, pyrite, pyrochlore (barium strontiopyrochlore ?), pyrrhotite, quartz, serpentine grp., titanite, tremolite, vermiculite, zircon. REE-minerals.
Mavragubskii: 0.5x1.5km. Pyroxenites. Melteigite, ijolite. Aegirine, apatite grp., calcite, cancrinite, diopside, feldspar grp., liebenerite, magnetite, nepheline,olivine, phlogopite, sodalite, titanite.
Niva: 50 km SW of Khibina, lense of 1.5-2 km on Lake Imandra. Age as Khibina and Lovozero. Agpaitic syenite, granite granulite. Aegirine, aenigmatite, biotite, diopside, feldspar grp., garnet grp., lamprophyllite, natrolite, neptunite, pectolite, plagioclase, shcherbakhovite, vinogradovite.
Nizyavrskii, Iokan´skii, Koyutyngskii: Alkaline granite.
Ozernaya Varaka: Ijolite, melteigite, pyroxenites, dykes of urtite, ijolite, syenties, pegmatites, carboantites. Aegirine, albite, biotite, calcite, cancrinite, nepheline, pyrochlore, zircon.
Pachinskii: Granodiorites, anorthosites. Aegirine, arfvedsonite.
Pesochnyi: 6km2. Synites, nepheline syenites, carbonatite, pyroxenite, ijolite-urtite a.o.. Aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., ankerite, apatite grp., barite, calcite, diopside, dolomite, francolite, galena, kaersutite, hastingsite, natrolite, nepheline, phlogopite, pyrrhotite, titanite, zircon.
Ponoiskii: 700km². Alkaline granites. Aegirine, albite, amphibole grp., apatite grp., astrophyllite, fluorite, monazite, titanite, zircon.
Sakhariok: 6x2km. Syenites and nepheline syenites in peralkaline granites of Western Kheivy. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, allanite, albite, amphibole grp., apatite grp., biotite, britholite, calcite, ferrohastingsite, fluorite, microcline, nepheline, pyrochlore, zircon.
Salmagorskii: 20km2. Wehrlites, pyroxenites, melteigite, urtite, ijolite, carbonatite a.o.. Aegirine, anatase, andradite, ankerite, apatite grp., calcite, cancrinite, chalcopyrite, chlorite grp., cubanite, diopside, djerfisherite, grossular, hematite, magnetite, melilite, monticellite, nepheline, phlogopite, pyrochlore, titanite, wollastonite, zeolite grp., zircon.
Seblyavr: 4x5km. Pyroxenites, carbonatite, phoscorites, syenites. Actinolite, aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., ancylite, ankerite, apatite grp., augite, baddeleyite, barite, biotite, calcite, chalcopyrite, chlorite grp., clinohumite, diopside, dolomite, galena, hastingsite, hedenbergite, iddingsite, ilmenite, magnetite, nepheline, olivine, perovskite, phlogopite, pyrite, pyrochlore, quartz, richterite, schorlomite, serpentine grp., sphalerite, strontianite, titanite, tremolite, zircon, zirconolite/zirkelite.
Soustova: Syenites, aperalkaline and nepheline.
Strel´ninskii and Purnachskii: Peralkaline granite. Aegirine, aenigmatite, arfvedsonite, astrophyllite.
Telyachi Island, Kandalaksha: Carbonatite. Ankerite, zircon
Western Kheivy: (Loc.: Mt Ploskaya), Mt.Wyuntspakht, Rozgora) Largest granite intrusion on Kola, 1300km². Alkaline granites, dykes of syenites a.o.. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, albite, allanite-(Ce), amphibole grp., apatite grp., arfvedsonite, astrophyllite, bastnaesite-(Ce), britholite-(Y), chevkinite, fluorite, gadolinite-(Ce), gadolinite-(Y), hingganite-(Y), kainosite, keivyite-(Y), keivyite-(Yb), kuliokite-(Y), kyanite, lepidomelane, magnetite, melanocerite-(Ce), melilite, meiphanite, microcline (amazonite mining), molybdenite, monazite, mullite, plumbomicrolite, pyrochlore, quartz, staurolite, thalenite, thorite, titanite, vyuntspakhtite-(Y), wulfenite, xenotime, zinnwaldite, zircon.
White Tundra: 240km². Alkaline granites. Aegirine, aenigmatite, albite, apatite grp., arfvedsonite, fluorite, katophorite, lepidomelane, microcline, monazite, quartz, riebeckite, xenotime.
Karelia:
Sallanlatvi: Concentric intrusion, 9km². Melteigite, ijolite-urtite, carbonatite, pegmatites. Aegirine, ancylite, apatite grp., aragonite, arsenopyrite, barite, calcite, cancrinite, chlorite, grp., diopside, dolomite, hematite, hydroxylapatite, ilmenite, magnetite, natrolite, parisite, phlogopite, psilomelane, pyrite, pyrochlore, pyrolusite, schorlomite, siderite, sphelarite, strontianite, titanite, zircon.
Kovdozero: Meteigite, ijolite an islands, 75 dykes.
Tikshozerskii: 2 bodies. Olivinite, pyroxenites, melteigite, ijolite, nepheline syenite, carbonatite a.o. Amphibole grp., ancylite, ankerite, calcite, cancrinite, corundum, dolomite, ilmenite, magnetite, rutile, „sulfides“. REE-phosphates.
Elet´ozerskii: Gabbros, nepheline syenites, pyroxenites, syenites, carbonatite, bostonite a.o.. Aegirine, allanite, apatite grp., arfvedsonite, biotite, calcite, columbite, fersmite, ilmenite, magnetite, microcline, nepheline, orthoclase, plagioclase, pyrochlore, spessartine, thorite, titanite, zircon.
Kostomukshskii: Dyke complex,.picrites. Actinolite, anatase, apatite grp., biotite, calcite, columbite, diopside, hypersthene, kaersutite, leucoxene, magnetite, olivine, phlogopite, pcitote, pyrite, rutile, serpentine grp., talc, titanite.
Elisenvaarskii: 2 outcrops. Alkaline gabbroids, syenites, pegmatites. Aegirine, albite, apatite grp., diopside, hastingsite, hornblende, microcline, orthoclase, perthite, phlogopite.

&Suggested reading:
Kogarko,L.N., V.A.Kononova, M.P.Orlova, A.R.Woolley: Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 2: Former USSR. Chapman and Hall, London, 1995.

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