Other
localities - Brazil
- This is a comprehensive list of
alkaline localities in Brazil, mostly, but not only (don´t
underestimate me !), taken from the Woolley book (see below),
generously given to me for 3 months by Peter G.Seroka - many
thanks ! The mineral lists are certainly incomplete, I had to leave
out things like „opaques“, and there is some confusion
about the feldspar group minerals, which are not always named
exactly (“antiperthite“).
- Brazil seems to be rich in
„possible“ alkaline localities - structures on aerial
photographs etc., that look like intrusions, but are under laterites
and have never been drilled. These I just mention after the federal
state name als „Possibles:“
Not
to forget: Pocos
de Caldas and Jacupiranga
have pages of their own !
Here
we go W to E and N to S:
- Amazonas:
- Seis Lagos: Carbonatite.
Ankertie, barite, dolomite, goethite, pyrite, rutiel, siderite.
- Marie Mirim: Aegirine
granites. Aegirine, biotite, fluorite, riebeckite.
- Sucunduri Dome: 700km,2.
Plugs and dykes of alkali syenite, nepheline syenite, phonolite,
trachyte.
- Guariba: 5x2.5km.
Syenites, granites, trachytes, phonolites. Aegirine, arfvedsonite,
biotite, cancrinite, fluorite, hastingsite, nepheline, oligoclase,
perthite, quartz, riebeckite.
- Roraima Federal Territory:
- Catrimani:2x1km.
Sodalite-nepheline syenite, phonolite. Aegirine, apatite grp.,
biotite, cancrinite, fluorite, hastingsite, melanite, nepheline,
sodalite, zircon.
- Para:
- Possibles:Maicuru,
Apuparia, Maraconai,
- Cachorro: 9x5km. Quartz
syenite, marginally alkaline. Biotite, quartz.
- Mutum: 16km²,
circular, partly in Guyana. Nepheline syenite. Aegirine, apatite
grp., cancrinite, epidote, fluorite, nepheline, plahioclase,
titanite.
- Erepecuru: 2 km in
diameter. Quartz syenite, marginally alkaline. Albite, amphibole
grp., andesine, apatite grp., biotite, fluorite, titanite, zircon.
- Mapari: Nepheline
syenite, alkali syenite. Albite, amphibole grp., barkevikite,
clacite, cancrinite, nepheline, ologoclase, pyeoxene grp., sodalite.
- Boca Nova: 3 localities
of nepheline syenite gneiss, pegmatites. Albite, bioite, cancrinite,
microcline, nepheline, oligoclase, pyrochlore, pyroxene grp.,
sodalite, zircon.
- Mato Grosso:
- Canama: 21,12km.
Syenites, nordmarkites, alkali granites. Aegirine-augite, apatite
grp., barkevikite, biotite, fluorite, hastingsite, orthoclase,
perovskite, riebeckite, rutile, titanite, zircon.
- Rondonia:
- Rondonianas Granites: 30
intrusions. Rapakivi granites, some peralkaline, tin mineralization.
Aegirine, biotite, feldspar grp., fluorite, riebeckite, titanite,
zircon.
- Teotonio: 4km in
diameter. Peralkaline syenites, monzonites, granites, trachytes.
Aegirine, aegirine-augite, albite, andesine, biotite, hastingsite,
hornblende, microcline, oligoclase, orthoclase, riebeckite.
- Goias:
- Possibles: 1 circular
structure.
- Porto Nacional:
Litchfildite. Albite, biotite, cancrinite, fluorite, microcline,
nepheline, oligoclase, sodalite, zeolite grp.
- Peixe: 30x8km.
Litchfieldites. Albite, biotite, microcline, nepheline, oligoclase.
- Morro do Engenho: 5km in
diameter. Dunite, pyroxenites, alkaline gabbros, nepheline syenite,
jacupirangite, carbonatite. Aegirine, augite, biotite, magnetite,
nepheline, olivine, perthite, phlogopite, plagioclase, sanidine,
serpentine grp.
- Santa Fé: 45km2.
Dunite, pyroxenite, peridotite, malignite, peralkaline quartz
granite, syenites. Aegirine, apatite grp., augite, biotite,
diopside, garnierite, leucite, nepheline, olivine, orthoclase,
quartz, vermiculite.
- Caiapo: 1.8x1.4km.
Carbonatites, breccias, ijolite, monchiquite, fenites, sovite.
Ankerite, barite, calcite, dolomite, pyrochlore, rutile, siderite.
- Montes Claros de Goias:
50km². Nepheline syenite, nordmarkite, dunites, pyroxenites.
Aegirine-augite, albite, anorthoclase, augite, biotite, chromite,
feldspar grp., ferrohastingsite, magnetite, melanite, nepheline,
oligoclase, olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene grp., quartz, serpentine
grp., titanite.
- Lambari, Fazenda do Toninho,
Papira, Diorama: 5 sills and plugs, about 70km². Basanite.
Analcime, andesine, apatite grp., augite, barkevikite, biotite,
hornblende, labradorite, olivine, plagioclase, quartz, zeolite grp.
- Arenopolis: 6x2km.
Pyroxenites, nepheline syenite. Aegirine, albite, amphibole grp.,
analcime, augite, baddeleyite, biotite, cancrinite, eudialyte,
nepheline, olivine, orthoclase, plagioclase, zeolite grp..
- Corrego Dos Bois: 20km².
Pyroxenites, essexite, dunite, nepheline syenite. Augite, biotite,
cancrinite,. hornblende, nepheline, olivine, orthoclase,
plagioclase, sodalite, zeolite grp.
- Buriti and Mata Azul:
16km,2 intrusion and dyke. Alaskites, nordmarkite, tinguaite.
Aegirine, aegirine-augite, analcime, biotite, feldspar grp.,
hornblende, nepheline, perthite, plagioclase, quartz, sanidine,
titanite.
- Santa Marta II: 1km in
diameter. Trachyte plug.
- Morro de Macaco: Line of
intrusions and volcanics of 10km. Peridotite, dunite, pyroxenites,
syenite. Clinopyroxene, nepheline.
- Amorinopolis: Volcanic
vent - plug with ring dykes. Nephelinite, tephrite, basanite.
Augite, calcite, feldspar grp., kalsilite, leucite, magnetite,
melilite, nepheline, olivine, perovskite, phlogopite, zeolite grp..
- Agua Emendada: Alnoite.
Anorthoclase, augite, biotite, melilite, olivine, perovskite,
pleonaste, pyroxene grp..
- Santo Antonio da Barra:
300km². Analcimite, phonolites, dunite a.o..Analcime, augite,
calcite, kaersutite, leucite, magnetite, nepheline, olivine,
perovskite, phlogopite, zeolite grp..
- Catalao II: 14km².
Sovites, carbonatites. Barite, calcite, feldspar grp., magnetite,
phlogopite, pyrochlore (mining), vermiculite, REE phosphates.
- Catalao I: 27km,2.
Carbonatite, pyroxenites. Aegirine, amphibole grp., apatite grp.,
barite, feldspar grp., magnetite, monazite, nepheline, olivine,
perovskite, phlogopite, pyrochlore, pyroxene grp., serpentine grp.,
titanite, , vermiculite, zircon. Nb and phosphate mining.
- San Antonio da Barra:
Kamafugites. Clinopyroxene, kalsilite, leucite, nepheline, olivine,
perovskite, phlogopite, titanomagnetite.
- Piaui:
- Possibles:4 circular
structure.
- Maranhao:
- Possibles: 8 circular
structures.
- Ceara:
- Parambu: Peralkaline
granite. Aegirine, arfvedsonite, biotite, riebeckite.
- Fortaleza Area: Alkaline
province, several occurences (plugs, dome, dykes etc.). Phonolite,
trachyte, essexite. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, amphibole grp.,
analcime, andesine, augite, barkevikite, biotite, cancrinite,
feldspar grp., nepheline, olivine, sanidine, sodalite, stilbite.
- Paraiba:
- Catingueiras: Fenitized
diabase, trachyte, lead and copper mineralization. Aegirine,
amphibole grp., augite, biotite, feldspar grp.
- Pernambuco:
- Cabo de Santo Agostinho:
Flow and dykes of trachyte, comendite, basalt, riebeckite granite.
Riebeckite.
- Araxa: carbonatite, phoscorites,
lamprophyres. Diopside, olivine, phlogopite, tetraferriphlogopite.
- Bahia:
- Itapitanga: 3 small
syenite intrusions. Sodalite (quarrying).
- Itabuna: 18x40km.
Syenite, diorite, monzonite, granite, varied dykes..
Aegirine-augite, arfvedsonite, augite, baddeleyite, biotite,
hornblende, katophorite, microcline, oligoclase, perthite,
plagioclase, sodalite, zircon.
- Sao Francisco:
alkali-feldspar syenites, alkali-granite.
- Santa Cruz da Vitoria:
Nepheline syenite intrusions. Biotite, sodalite.
- Fazenda Hiassu: 2
litchfieldite/sodalite syenite intrusions, alkaline pegmatites, .
Amphibole grp., pyroxene grp., nepheline, sodalite (quarrying).
- Potiragua: 26km²,
one large and several smaller bodies.Nepheline syenties.
Arfvedsonite, biotite, nepheline, perthtie, quartz, sodalite.
- Itarantim: 16km in
diamter, 2 smaller intrusions. Syenites. Aegirine, biotite,
nepheline, quartz, sodalite (quarrying).
- Santanopolis: 180 km2.
syenites. Apatite grp., calcite, diopside, feldspar grp.,
hornblende, monazite, perthtite, quartz, titanite, zirkon.
- Similar: Itiuba, Sao Felix,
Anuri
- Minas Gerais:
- Coromandel: Ultrabasic
alkaline rocks.
- Pantano: Alkalin olivine
basalt. Biotite, olivine, perovskite, serpentine grp., zeolite grp.
- Patos de Minas: Ijolite,
olivine basalt.
- Morro das Broas: Alkali
basalts.
- Serra Negra: 65km².
Carbonatite, pyroxenite, dunite, shonkinite, jacupirangite. Anatass,
baddeleyite, biotite, perovskite, pyrochlore.
- Salitre: 2 interconnected
intrusions. Trachytes, peralkaline syenite, nepheline syenite,
pyroxenite, carbonatite. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, albite, apatite
grp., biotite, calcite, cancrinite, diopside, francolite, hematite,
ilmenite, magnetite, monazite, nepheline, perovskite, perthite,
pyrite, titanite, zeolite grp., zircon.
- Sao Gotardo: Carbonatite,
pulaskite, urtite, alkali gabbros. Apatite grp., calcite, magnetite,
pyrochlore.
- Serra do Bueno: Alkali
olivine basalts. Olivine, perovskite, zeolite grp.
- Bambui: Aegirine,
amphibole grp., analcime, apatite grp., feldspar grp., mica grp.,
nepheline, pyrite, titanite.
- Araxa: 4.5km in diameter.
Quatzites, carbonatites, sovite, lamprophyres. Aegirine-augite,
ankerite, apatite grp., arfvedsonite, bariopyrochlore (mining),
barite, calcite, dolomite, eckermannite, feldspar grp., goethite,
gorceixite, goyazite, magnetite, monazite, phlogopite, pyrite,
pyrochlore.
- Tapira: 6km in diameter.
Pyroxenites, trachytes, syenites, carbonatite. Apatite grp.(mining),
augite, bariopyrochlore, biotite, calzirtite, diopside, ilmenite,
magnetite, melanite, melilite, olivine, perovskite, phlogopite,
pyrochlore, quartz, titanite.
- Sacramento: Alkali
basalts. Leucite.
- Ubari: 4x2.5km. Syenite.,
Aegirine-augite, biotite,eckermannite, magnetite, perthite, quartz,
titanite.
- Passa Quatro (also Sao Paulo
State): 110km². Nepheline syenite.
- Mato Grosso do Sul:
- Pao de Acucar: Nepheline
syenite, pyroxenite, essexite, phonolite. . Aegirine-augite,
amphibole grp., biotite, nepheline, sodalite.
- Rio de Janeiro:
- Morro de Sao Joao: 3.5km
in diameter. Syenties, shonkinite, malignite, trachyte, phonolite.
Aegirine, aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., arfverdsontie, biotite,
bytownite, hastingsite, hornblende, melanite, muscovite, nepheline,
orthoclase, plagioclase, sodalite.
- Cabo Frio and Morro do Forno:
Nepheline syenite, foyaite, pulaskite, nordmarkite, phonolite,
trachyte. Aegirine-augite, arfvedsonite, augite, biotite,
cancrinite, magnetite, nepheline, oligoclase, olivine, orthoclase,
pyrite, quartz, riebeckite, sanidine, sodalite, titanite, wairakite,
woehlerite, zeolite grp., zircon.
- Guapiacu: Trachyte.
- Saoronho: 30km².
Syenites, pulaskite, alkali granite, trachyte, pegmatites. Aegirine,
aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., biotite, calcite, feldspar grp.,
quartz.
- Rio Bonito: 28km².
Pulaskite, umptekite, syenites. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, analcime,
biotite, katophorite, sodalite.
- Tangua: 6-7km in
diameter. Pulaskites, nepheline syenite, trachyte, phonolite.
Chalcedony, fluorite (mining), nepheline.
- Porto das Caixas:
Phonolite with alkalic rock fragments. Calcite,
cancrinite,.nepheline, orthoclase, pyroxene grp.
- Monjolos: Phonolite.
Aegirine, feldspar grp., nepheline, mica grp.
- Itauna: 6km².
Syenites, phonolite. Hauyne, nosean.
- Maua: Phonolite.
- Canaa: 20km².
Litchfildites, alkali syenite, pegmatits. Cancrinite, feldspar grp.,
„lepidomelane“, nepheline, sodalite , zircon.
- Tingua: 50km².
Nepheline syenite, foyaite, tinguaite, phonolite, trachyte,
pegmatites. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., analcime,
anorthoclase, arfvedsonite, biotite, eudialyte, nepheline.
- Marapicu-Mendanha:
Intrusions, vents, necks anddykes. Syenites, phonolite, trachyte,
lamprophyre.
- Barra do Pirai and Dos
Tomazos: Phonolite.
- Volta Redonda:
Ankaramite. Analcime, augite, nepheline, oligoclase, olivine,
pyroxene grp..
- Morro Redondo: 5km².
Foyaite, syenites, trahcyte. Aegirine, albite, amphibole grp.,
anorthoclase, leucite, pyroxene grp. Sodalite.
- Itatiaia: (also in Minas
Gerais and Sao Paulo States): 31x12km, 330km². Syenites,
pulaskites, nordmarkites, peralkaline granites, tinguaite,
phonolite, trachyte. Barkevikite, biotite, nepheline, quartz.
- Sao Paulo:
- Jaboticabal: Alkaline
lavas, tinguaite. Aegirine, aegirine-augite, aenigmatite, amphibole
grp., analcime, apatite grp., calcite, magnetite, natrolite,
nepheline, perovskite, sanidine, titanite.
- Campos de Jordao:
Scattered dykes. Tinguaite, shonkinite, monchiquite.
- Ilha da Vitoria:
Nepheline syenite, pulaskite, syenite, dykes of phonolite, trachyte,
bostonite, techenites. Nepheline, quartz, sodalite.
- Ilha dos Buzios:
Syenites. Aegirine-augite, biotite, feldspar grp., hronblende,
quartz.
- Ilha de Sao Beastiao:
Syenitic and gabbroitic rocks., nordmarkites, trachytoc and
phonolitic dykes. Aegirine-augite, albite, augite, barkevikite,
biotite, feldspar grp., hastingsite, nepheline, olivine, quartz,
sodalite.
- Ilha do Monte de Trigo:
Foyaite, melatheralite, olivne gabbro, jacupirangite, essexite,
teschenite. Aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., analcime, barkevikite,
biotite, feldspar grp., nepheline, olivine, plagioclase, sodalite.
- Itanhaem: Tinguaites,
sovite. Biotite, Th and RE minerals.
- Piedade: Shonkinite,
syenite. Aegirine-augite, apatite grp., biotite, nepheline,
orthoclase.
- Ipanema. 13Km².
Sovite, aegirinite, pulaskite, shonkinite, syenties a.o.. Aegirine,
aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., apatite grp. (mining), biotite,
magnetite, nepheline, orthoclase, vermiculite (mining).
- Tatui: Shonkinites.
- Juquia: 14km².
Pyroxenties, peridotites, alkali gabbros, carbonatite dykes,
nepheline syenite., ijolite. Aegirine-augite, ancylite, ankerite,
apatite grp. (ming), augite, barite, biotite, galena, ilmenite,
magnetite, nepheline, norsethite, pyrite, pyrochlore.
- Barro do Teixeira and Sete
Quedas: Phonolite.
- Itapirapua: 4.5km².
Nepheline syenites, melteigite, pulaskite, carbonatite, sovite a.o.
Aegirine, aegirine-augite, amphibole grp., apatite grp., biotite,
calcite, cancrinite, eudialyte,. fluorite, magnetite (mining),
melanite, nepheline, orthoclase, pectolite, pyrite, pyrhhotite,
sodalite, wollastonite, zeolite grp.
- Barra do Itapirapua:
Carbonatite.. Ancylite, barite, bastnaesite grp., fluorite, galena,
melilite, pyrochlore, synchisite.
- Cananeia: Pulaskite,
nordmarkite. Amphibole grp., barkevikite, biotite, diopside,
feldspar grp., quartz.
- Paraná:
- Banhadao: 11km².
Nepheline syenites, ijolites, phonolite dykes. Aegirine,
aegirine-augite, cancrinite, feldspar grp., melanite, nepheline,
pectolite, phlogopite.
- Mato Preto: Ijolite,
nepheline syenite, carbonatite, phonolite. Barite, fluorite, galena,
REE minerals.
- Cerro Azul: Phonolite.
- Tunas: 25km².
Phonolite dykes, syenites, foyaites, trachyte. Biotite, nepheline,
quart7z.
- Bairro da Cruz: Olivine
gabbro, phonolite. Amphibole grp., olivine, pyroxene grp.
- Pariquera Acu: Theralite,
essexite, syenodiorite.
- Santa Catarina:
- Possibles: Vargeao
- Lages: 30km in diameter.
Carbonatite, melilitite, nepheline syenite, trachyte, phonolite.
Aegirine, analcime, ankerite, astrophyllite, augite, barite,
biotite, calcite, dolomite, eudialyte, feldspar grp., goethite,
lavenite, magnetite, melilite, murmanite, nepheline, neptunite,
olivine, pectolite, pyrite, pyrochlore, quartz, synchisite. Bauxite
mining.
- Anitapolis: 5km².
Ijolite, pyroxenite, nepheline syenite, carbonatite. Amphibole grp.,
apatite grp. (mining), biotite, magnetite, olivine, phlogopite,
pyroxene grp., serpentine grp.
- Rio Grande do Sul:
- Possibles: Cerrojarau
- Estiva: Syenite.
Aegirine-augite.
- Piratini: Province of
more than 30 pipes., 20x5km. Trachyte, phonolite, tinguaite.
Aenigmatite, arfvedsonite, cancrinite, melanite, nepheline,
sodalite.
- Borborema:
- Serra do Man:
quartz-alkalin feldspar syenite. Aegirine-augite, albite, apatite
grp., microcline, titanite, winchite.
- State=??, a/o missing data:
- Triunfo pluton, NE Brazil:
Alkaline pluton. Aegirine-augite, magnetite.
- Santa Catarina:
Carbonatite.
- Velasco: „Alkaline
igneous complex“
- Santo Antonio da Barra:
Kamafugite. Aergirine, diopside.
- Mata da Corda:
Kamafugite. Aegirine, diopside.
- Ernando de Noronha Island:
Carbonatite, wehrlite. Olivine
- Serro do Maio, Riacho do
Pontal, NE Brazil: peralkaline granites. Aegirine, aenigmatite,
arfvedsonite, astrophyllite, magnetite, quartz, riebeckite,
titanite, winchite.
- Cantal: Carbonatite.
- Barra di Itapirapua:
Carbonatite, syenites, fenites.
- Rio Espinharas:
Monzonites, syenties etc.
- &Suggested
reading:
- Woolley, A.R.: Alkaline Rocks
and Carbonatites of the World. Part 1: North and South America.
British Museum (Natural History), London, 1987
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